Ginny Ollis

PREVIEWS PROPERTIES, Seniors + To-Be's, and Busy-Person Specialist
COLDWELL BANKER Residential Brokerage
1621 West Lewis Street, San Diego, CA 92103
Direct: 619-574-5138 FAX: 619-297-9913
Website: www.ginnyollis.com Email: ginnyollis@aol.com

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SELLER INFO

 

SUB-MENU:

QUESTIONS TO ASK YOUR PROSPECTIVE REALTOR
TYPICAL COSTS OF SALE (Expenses you will have as a seller)

THE COMMISSION GOES WHERE?

MARKETING TIPS - STRATEGY THE IMPORTANT ISSUES
HELPING YOUR CHILDREN MANAGE A HOME MOVE
CLEANLINESS IS NEXT TO YOUR BEST PRICE!!
THE CONTRACT
CONTINGENCY SALE

SHOULD I HAVE MY HOME "STAGED" BEFORE SELLING?
CAPITAL GAINS TAX UPDATE

NOW THAT ALL THE HOMES LISTED FOR SALE ARE ON THE INTERNET, WHAT DO WE NEED AN AGENT FOR?

PERSPECTIVE - Objectivity, Insider understanding, Expert witness to market events.

REPRESENTATION - Operating for your best interests from Full-time, Inside, Expert stand.

INTERMEDIARY - Delivering, De-pressuring, and creating some Emotional Buffer.

COUNSELING - Information source, Strategy consulting, Avoiding Irrelevant.

NEGOTIATION - Strategy consultations, Data and Information gathering, keeping the eye on the ball.

PROTECTION - Legal obligations, Disclosures, Qualified prospects, Accompanying and the benefit of All the Above!
 

Agency Law says the Principal is responsible for the acts and representations of his agent     -     Who do you want speaking on your behalf?

The following are some questions to ask your prospective Realtor.

1) Do you work as a full-time Realtor?
2) How many listings do you have at this time?
3) How do you decide your responsibilities to your sellers?
4) How do you plan to maximize my sales price?
5) Do you have an assistant or other help?
6) How will you find buyers for my property?
7) In what ways will you encourage other Realtors to sell my home?
8) Why should I hire you rather than other agents?

WHAT DO I GET FOR MY MONEY WHEN I WORK WITH A REALTOR?

SELLERS: Most Real Buyers are in the hands of a Realtor. Most buyers appreciate the knowledge, resources, problem solving and protection they believe an agent provides them. Most buyers today - the well qualified buyers - do not have time to stay on top of market inventory.

Homes are bought comparatively. A "For Sale By Owner" only has access to showing the one home and, therefore, a limited means to satisfy the concerns of a typical buyer that this house is their "best choice" on the market. Agents have access to all listed properties and can usually also arrange an agreement to show "For Sale By Owner" properties, so those homes do not become obstacles to the sale of your home.

Value is always, and rightfully, a buyer's Number One question. Again, because a "For Sale By Owner" has access only to the one home and because he is seen as serving his own needs rather than those of the buyer, he is handicapped when supporting his price. Value is also a result of successful negotiating, and with the mantle of self-serving purpose, a "For Sale By Owner" is limited in being able to speak from the buyer's point of view or to discover issues that may sway a buyer who is protecting himself.

Value is also perception. Professional staging and presentation, guidance in preparation of the property and materials, repeated delivery of the support and affirmation information helps today's very savvy buyers find the path to make the choices they want. Realtors are also expert in fielding, resolving and overseeing the myriad issues that can arise during escrow. Escrow is the vulnerable period when inspectors, appraisers, well-meaning "expert" friends and relatives, and everyone in general are thinking there may be a better choice out there. The agent is the person best positioned to deal with these issues from knowledge of the buyer, the property, resources and the market.

Obviously Realtors are a time saving service. He directs and produces the marketing program, supervises showings and follow-up, balances presentation with public response, prepares then manages all documents, administers the process of the escrow, inspections, financing, and contingencies, and, not least, pursues all possibilities to the successful close of escrow.

A Realtor helps the seller maximize his dollar proceeds by knowing what the market values most and how to emphasize those issues, directing his marketing to the most appropriate buyer prospects, taking the heat out of negotiation and having the expertise to develop the best solutions, knowing repair and replacement resources, and minimizing the seller's legal liability with professional processing, verifications and written communication.

Realtors add safety. Neither the seller nor the buyer have to risk security breeches by a "sez so" prospect. The buyer is accompanied by a Realtor at all times, the seller's property is shown to qualified buyers, a third Party (the Realtor) is on the premises during all showings. Since Realtors make their own security precautions, witnesses usually know who a Realtor is with and where and when, backing up the client's security.

A Realtor takes the Heat. Most sellers and buyers are understandably very emotional and volatile, because moving is a major life change and a very vulnerable state with a large sum of money at stake. The Realtor translates charged words into focus on the objectives, and keeps the clients directed toward achieving their purpose rather than games.

A Realtor is a professional salesman. All his training, experience and purpose are directed toward satisfying the client's goal and, as a result, assuring future business from that client, his friends and family.

A Realtor is a reliable source of related services. His future and dollar also depend on the quality of his counsel and referrals.

Communication minimizes liability, advances the transaction and reduces stress, focuses the concerns back to the information and ensures the smoothest possibilities. Realtors do this with all the parties involved, all day, all week, all year, all the time. They track, advise, prod, prevent, anticipate, resolve and manage whatever concerns are relevant to the transaction. And finally, a Realtor is going to close the transaction. Other than the seller and buyer, none of the players in a transaction are as committed to this conclusion. Not only does his compensation depend on this, but so also does his reputation, market position and future business. And since success is in the eye of the beholder, in this case the client, it is the Realtor's at-risk that generates the ever-present willingness to go the extra effort all through the sale.

THE DIFFERENCE IS REAL


TYPICAL COSTS OF SALE

COSTS OF SALE: What expenses will you as seller have in connection with selling your property? NOTE: Everything is negotiable. However, when you go outside of “customary”, it CAN be a big issue to the other party, and they feel they are adding or subtracting.

ESCROW FEE: The “Settlement Agent” holds your deed and the buyer’s money, administers the requirements of the transaction until all agreements are complete, collects all final monies, balances the accounts, records the deed and pays you the “proceeds” for the sale. Fee equally divided by buyer and seller may be estimated for each at roughly .0025 x Sales Price (it goes to a smaller % as the price increases).
Escrows have a multitude of additional fees they charge, under different names and in different amounts depending on the structure of the sale and the escrow company. These may include fees for drawing documents (deed, power of attorney, usually $10 – 50 per instrument); messenger, UPS/FedEx/Airborne, or wiring fees ($10-35 usually); Loan Tie-In Fee ($75-150) for handling lender documents and sign-ups, Notary Fees ($10 per certification), 1099 Processing Fee (usually $50-60) for calculating and reporting the sale to the IRS, which they are required to do by law. Some escrows are making small additional charges for paying additional expenses beyond those mentioned above, and all are beginning to charge for holding (and accounting for) funds after close.

TITLE INSURANCE: Normally in Southern California a seller provides title insurance to a buyer guaranteeing that the seller has conveyed valid “marketable” title. The seller pays a fee for this insurance roughly calculated at .004 x Sales Price, with a 20% reduction for “short term” (less than 5 years since last policy of title insurance). Buyer is also charged for a title insurance policy if he acquires financing, but his policy is greater coverage and insures the lender against prior lien rights.

TRANSFER TAX: A charge by the County of San Diego and is calculated at $1.10 per $1000 of sales price. (In other municipalities there are also city taxes!)

PRORATION OF PROPERTY TAXES: The tax year in San Diego County runs from July 1 through June 30th. Escrow will always verify the date to which taxes have been paid, pay taxes current, charge the seller for payment up to the close of escrow, and charge the buyer (if the taxes are paid ahead of the closing date) for taxes paid from closing date to date paid.

AFTER close of escrow the taxes will be newly assessed to reflect the sale price, as provided by California law. Since the new tax rate becomes effective on the date of sale, buyer will receive a SUPPLEMENTARY TAX BILL for the period from close of escrow to the issuance of his newly assessed bill. If you have recently purchased subject property, and have not yet paid your Supplementary Tax Bill, it will remain your responsibility regardless of this sale.

ZONE DISCLOSURE REPORTS: A zone disclosure report is a detailing of geologic, soils, seismic, earthquake, flood, fire, and Mello Roos disclosures pertinent to and publicly recorded as affecting subject property. There are companies who provide this information and more importantly take legal responsibility for the correctness and currency of their information off the shoulders of the sellers, whose disclosure on these items is now required by law. These are the first disclosures in California where the Seller is legally obligated to investigate as and not rely on only what he knows to be true. Costs range from $50-ish to $114 at this time.

REAL ESTATE FEE: Sometimes known as “commission”, this is the fee charged for our brokerage service and which is agreed in the listing agreement. Commissions are NOT set by law, they are negotiable and reflect the quality and amount of service and expertise a seller chooses. I charge 6% of the selling price, plus or minus for special circumstances.

WATER CONSERVATION RETROFIT, SMOKE DETECTOR COMPLIANCE, AND WATER HEATER COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATIONS: San Diego has enacted Ordinances which
require compliance with standards for safety and water conservation. The smoke detectors and hot water compliances are requirements against sellers. The water conservation can be satisfied by either buyer or seller, but is usually a seller cost. Smoke detectors are minimally expensive ($7-10 each. Strapping kits for water heaters may be obtained for $20 or less at Home Depot, but depending on the location of the water heater, may be difficult or more expensive to accomplish with the required bolting, etc. Costs to meet water conservation requirements for a 2-bath home averages $500, but choices of fixtures, numbers of toilets, sinks, showerheads, location and related plumbing issues can increase the cost.

TRANSACTION COORDINATOR FEE: This fee is a relatively new (5 years or so) item in the residential sale transaction. A Transaction Coordinator is charged with making sure that deadlines, disclosure requirements, compliances and the general outside-escrow agreements of the contract are all met. In the propitiation of paperwork to make sure principals understand their legal rights and obligations, the flurry of writing and reading has become so great it necessitates a special administrator to be sure all is communicated and complete. Most Transaction Coordinators work for several agents and have a greater breadth of knowledge about these specific issues and related experts you can call us, because of their broader exposure. Fees range from $250-350 per seller or buyer side of the transaction. I choose to pay my coordinator, rather than pass this cost on to the client.

LENDER PAYOFF: Principal balance plus interest to the date the lender receives your payoff. Lenders also charge for writing their payoff “demand” and for issuing their “Re-conveyance”, which is the release of lien. Demands and Recons generally range from $100-$150 per loan paid off. You will also be charged $5 per page for recording the Re-conveyance.

CONDOMINIUM TRANSFER FEE: If the property being sold is a condominium, most Associations
have a transfer and/or documentation fee. This is for producing all their paperwork on budgets, CC&R’s, By-Laws, statements about litigation and delinquent assessments, minutes, etc., as well as for changing their records of ownership at close. Costs run $100 - $200 generally. In addition, Escrow will prorate the homeowner’s monthly fee for the month of close.

RECORDING FEES: The seller is usually charged for recording releases of all liens against the property and for any documentary changes needed to affect the close. Typical cost is $20 - $50.

HOME WARRANTY: A 1-year warranty on the (systems) electric, plumbing, heating, and hot water
heater, etc. in the building, does NOT include structure or termites or roof. Generally seen as protecting the seller from those annoying (and possibly expensive) calls after escrow that something doesn’t work, the average cost runs $250 for condos and $280 for basic home coverage to $550 with additional coverage for pool, spa, washer, dryer, air conditioning, etc.

SURVEY: Not typical in our area, since most property liens are assumed by neighborly custom, but cost $500 to $2000 is typical, depending on how extensive the required monuments and paperwork, and how far the nearest markers are located.

TERMITE CLEARANCE: This is NOT required by law, but it is a condition of many lenders and is typically provided by sellers in Southern California sales. This would be fumigation (called “tenting”) if required, or local treatment of any termite infestation, and correction of any fungus or dry rot damage, including correction or recommendation of contractor correcting of the cause.

REPAIRS: As requested by buyer after physical inspection. Cost reflects type of repairs and quality of work/guaranties required. Repairs in escrow must be done by qualified professionals, to code if appropriate, and in quality at least as good as that being repaired or replaced. Your repair contractor may accept payment out of escrow rather than at time of work.

Some additional costs may be elected by the parties. Buyers generally hire and pay for inspections by general inspection contractors, sometimes also by engineers or environmental specialists. Parties may choose to have attorneys or financial counsel involved in their decisions and to review paper work. Exchangers may use the services of an “Accommodator”. And there is no limit to what a principal may choose to facilitate his transaction.

Generally these transaction costs are either expansible or add to the tax basis of the property. It is always a good idea to have professional guidance with taxes after a real estate transaction.


THE COMMISSION GOES WHERE?

*Commissions are not set by law.
*Commissions are negotiable between seller and broker.
*I charge 6% commission unless there are special circumstances.

    6% Commission
- 3% to Buyers Agent
- 1% (+/-) to Broker
= 2% (+/-) to Agent:
 
And this 2% has to cover Agent Remuneration PLUS:
   
 
Multiple Listing Service
Advertising, printing, photography and processing, graphic design, publishing internet site, access, advertising
Signs, brochures, materials
Assistants, situation hires - salaries and benefits
Promotions and materials
San Diego/ California/ National Association of Realtors
Other Associations, Meetings, Accreditation Groups
Auto: Maintenance, Fuel, Insurance
Office overhead: computers, software, mobile phones, printers, fax, copier(s), supplies and maintenance
Education courses
Postage, telephone service
E&O Insurance
And_________________

Note:

An agent's commission income is GROSS.  Agents do not receive
  Health Insurance for themselves or dependents
Life Insurance for themselves or dependents
Salary Bonuses
Retirement plans or benefits

What's so great about Ginny
Link to Resources We're Proud to Share
Link to Hot Topics

 


SOME MARKETING TIPS

STRATEGY
The best steps to the best results come from reality.

The ideal buyer is financially qualified.
The ideal buyer is knowledgeable about market and conditions, and is informed enough to make a decision he and you can rely on to close escrow.
The ideal buyer has motivation to buy, so that you don't have to provide it by offering him a "deal".
The ideal buyer sees value in YOUR product rather than compromising on what he really wants and wanting to compromise your dollars.
The ideal buyer is emotionally ready to make a decision, having resolved his "why" and cast off his apprehensions.
The "average buyer" may not be able to perform, lacks confidence in his decisions and is always second-guessing with outside opinions which may or may not be well-informed, wants all the balls in his court, will have to subtract on the price for features that don't satisfy him, and may not be ready to meet a
resolution. The average buyer is your typical buyer. The ideal buyer is what smart agents and sellers design their marketing to attract.

The ideal buyer pays your best price.

Selling residential real estate is much like a series of "first dates". If the buyer prospect is not attracted, all the rest of the business doesn't matter.

WHERE IS THAT IDEAL BUYER?

1. Look around your neighborhood. What kind of people live there? Since water and people seek their own level, your ideal buyer is one of like kind.

2. Define what is most important to that buyer - impression or comfort? style or space? looks or savings? Accessorizing or ease of maintenance? etc. Of course everything is somewhere in between, but where is the emphasis?

3. How can the strengths of the property best be spotlighted and the drawbacks and limitations best be minimized or off-set?

FIRST IMPRESSIONS COUNT!

The objective is to sell and to obtain the best possible price with the least possible upheaval. The market has proven consistently that the property that is "Dressed for Success", what we now call "Staged to Sell" generates the best possible seller proceeds.

Time and money are always a consideration in making any preparations. I would be happy to review with you what will pay and what will only pay your ego, what you must do and what is more optional. While we cannot assume that everyone's life experiences are the same, we can be certain that most people have certain positive experiences in common. It is our aim in staging a home to capitalize on those common items. Likewise you will want to make your property attractive to as many people as possible, since the greater the demand, the greater the price. Packing up those very personal touches, 400 bowling trophies, eliminating cigar odors, keeping your "wild and crazy"/possibly offensive to someone else belongings in discreet storage can add to your possible prospects.


NEUTRAL? Contrary to most people, I do NOT believe that beige on beige is the best path to your best price. Buyers make decisions on practical considerations, but they ACT on emotions. How excited does beige make the average person? However, major items of the property should be neutral enough to convert easily from seller to buyer, regardless of any disparity in styles. Clever use of colorful accessories and singular furnishings can provide real sizzle that grabs and holds the buyer. Realtors know that 95% of the buyers who will look at your property have NO visual imagination. What you show them is what they think they will buy. So your presentation makes a HUGE difference in your buyer response.

 THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUES:

CURB APPEAL

CLEAN

SMELLS FRESH

LIGHT AND AIRY

QUIET

FRESH AND WELL-MAINTAINED

ATTRACTIVE OUTLOOK FROM THE WINDOWS

OVERALL ITEMS

Windows and doors should all open evenly. Locks with missing keys should be replaced.

Any invasion of the premises by critters, mildew or mold should be eliminated.

Light makes a home feel larger, cleaner and better kept. Both natural and synthetic light are important to the impression that will create the response most desired.

Windows should be clean and coverings pulled back to welcome natural light as much as possible. Skylights and "Solar tubes" can enormously change the quality of natural light, and should also be clean to reflect the greatest crystalline light.

Many people choose to have rheostats on light fixtures so they can control the brightness for different functions. However when a property is for sale, all lights and fixtures and lamps should carry the highest wattage they are allowed, and rheostats left on the highest setting to "stage" the interior at its brightest, biggest, cleanest.

Mirrors can enhance light, space and views. Color affects perception of size, cleanliness, temperature, mood and style. While whites and light colors, with subtle or no patterns rather than dominant blocks, create impressions of the most space and openness, single rooms with dramatic color make very appealing libraries or dining rooms where intimacy is desired, and clever colorful accessories may set an entire tone of fashion or flair.

Avoid trendy. A big difference between "classic" and "trendy" colors and accessories is time. The very stylish appliances of avocado and harvest gold soon became fashionably obsolete, while the classic whites and even black will have a life extendable by their easy incorporation into other modes. Already the mauves and grays are significantly dated, while the classic rich jewel tones and pastels recur repeatedly with slightly different accents.

Sound has become rather more critical as the density of communities and the frequency of stressful lifestyles has increased. Quiet is a valuable commodity to sell. However, this is usually a fact of location rather than under owner control. If your property has noise issues, in addition to meeting your disclosure responsibilities, you may choose to take advantage of some of the masking devices. Courtyard fountains can draw the attention from nearby freeway cacophony. Repair any mechanicals (bathroom ceiling fans are a frequent offender!) that create audible disturbances. When the property is being shown, try to avoid crying children, barking dogs, vacuums and lawnmower sounds. Classical or "elevator" music can seem soothing.


 

CLEANLINESS IS NEXT TO YOUR BEST PRICE!

The scent of cleanliness and fresh air is reassuring. In addition to a good (professionals are not very expensive!) thorough cleaning, you could try:

  • Lemon oil on furniture.

  • New polyurethane on floors, latex paint on walls. Refrigerators perk up with baking soda or rolled newspapers inside.

  • If smokers live in the house, a thorough cleaning, fresh paint and smoking ONLY out of doors until you move will help immeasurably.

  • Baking or vanilla in the oven, fresh scented flowers, rosemary in a vase. Lit candles leave an inviting scent as well as showing well.

  • Once you have decided to take the steps to show your property with its best foot forward, be prepared to be thorough. New carpet doesn't bring any benefit if the walls are dirty and windows are broken and dull. Whether fixing an occupied residence or building a new home, the value dollars are in the finishing details. Doing 3/4 of the job will earn you 1/4 of the benefit.

 

HELPING YOUR CHILDREN MANAGE A HOME MOVE

 

  1. Routine makes all of us comfortable, but change can make us alert, fresh and moving forward.  Moving to a new home can help children learn this, if they are shown how to focus on the “to” and not fret on leaving the “from”.  You can help.Tell them as soon as possible, so they don’t find out by accident.Tell them as soon as possible, so they don’t find out by accident

  2. Discuss the benefits – a “do-over” for anything they want to change, keep the old but add the new friends, how to prepare for that first day in new school – possible answers, topics.

  3. Make time for them to work on their best new first impression.

  4. Listen to them. What are their concerns.

  5. Involve them in the process so it doesn’t feel like it is happening TO them. Provide change of address cards for THEIR friends.

  6. Make a First-to-Unpack Box for the new home, including a few special “more grown up” surprises?

  7. Get as much information from the new destination about activities your child(ren) likes, the school, perhaps a talk with a new teacher ahead of time or a student pen pal before the move? Your new Realtor might provide photos of how the kids look/dress at school.


THE CONTRACT

          In California Realtors are presumed to have a “limited license” to write purchase contracts.  However, because they are not attorneys, we do not create these documents, they are provided to us and we fill them in, holding responsibility (which is why our incessant Coldwell Banker legal training is so immorality and appearance and to code, and the like.  The California Association of Realtors, which provides our forms, is constantly reviewing and revising so that there is little probability of there being an issue that won’t be in front of us on the form so that we are sure to address it. 


CONTINGENCY SALES

Contingent offers are a fairly normal part of the residential sales world. Most buyers are living somewhere when they go to buy a home. Realtors, escrows, and lenders are all familiar with these transactions and know exactly what and how to do it. Buyers and sellers are not. Sellers, predictably, prefer offers without contingencies for sale, because this contingency in effect adds the if's and but's of another entire transaction, which must close in order for the seller's deal to close. Usually therefore a seller will agree to a contingency sale if he is given a little compensation...usually a little higher price or something else. Seller's with difficult to sell properties will often accept a contingency. Many buyers can avert contingency purchases by arranging "interim" or "bridge" financing to carry them for 1-3 months from the close of the new property to the closing of the sale of the old property. This adds the dollars to their cost that might otherwise go to the seller for allowing a contingency.

Contingency offers generally carry a "72-hour Clause" as part of the agreement, under which clause the seller has the right to continue to offer the property for sale and, if he receives another acceptable offer, to issue to the Buyer a 72-hour notice to release his sale, financing and other contingencies and prove he can perform or release the contract within 72-hours. Since a NON-contingent-for-sale contract has a 17-days for inspections and financing and all other investigations period under which the buyer can withdraw with no loss of deposit, I generally try to make the 72-hour clause effectible AFTER the release of all other contingencies, but I don't always get my way.

The point of a contingency is to protect a buyer's deposit. so as long as any contingency stands the buyer is protected from loss. Generally, a contingent buyer would be smart to obtain a good deposit from HIS buyer so that if he has to default because his buyer defaults, the deposit lost is effectively paid by his buyer. And risks are always more or less in any specific situation, the only sure escrow, we say, is a closed one.


SHOULD I HAVE MY HOME "STAGED" BEFORE SELLING?

The question, of course, is about money as well as added work and aggravation. The answer, of course, is that "staging" is a temporary overhaul that enhances the existing positive features of the property and minimizes the negative features. Most of us can't do that on our own.

    A professional "stager" can objectively appraise and skillfully advise:

    Where the property needs attention

    What expenses will make a prominent (dollar-billowing) effect What is "clutter" and what is decor

    How much of the furnishings should be removed, stored, and if it would be wise to briefly rent a few things to complete the look

    Where the placement of fresh plants, orchids, floral arrangements and landscape will earn you money

Most agents will be glad to give you advice on your specific home, but most of us are not schooled and credentialed in design. And most of us do not have ready warehouses of just right pieces.

And finally, can you live with someone rearranging your choices, your "stuff" and your life habits. Under all is the priority of your peace of mind.

Range Pricing

Range pricing is, similar to flat pricing, as reliable as the motivation of the seller. In either case we get prices that are or are not appropriate. Generally, however, range price reflects either a) a very difficult to price property and so they are hoping to see what comes in within the "reasonable" range, or b) a disparity between seller (usually the high end) and agent (usually low end).

I recommend sellers choose a definite price rather than a range. You have one chance to make a strong first impression. It is a stronger statement and negotiating posture to say this is our price than to say maybe we are here or there. All buyers already know prices can be negotiated, depending on the original price and the market conditions. I don't think it serves a seller's initial possibilities to suggest that he is already unsure of his value.
 


CAPITAL GAINS UPDATE

EXCITING NEWS FOR HOMEOWNERS

The tax bill signed by President Clinton on August 5, 1997 made significant changes that benefit real estate holders, including capital gains tax exclusions on the sale of a principal residence, penalty-free withdrawals from existing and new IRAs for the purchase of a home by a first-time buyer, and reduced estate taxes.

SELLING A HOME.

The new tax law allows sellers to pocket the entire gain from the sale of a principal residence, where the seller has resided two of the last five years, up to a maximum of $250,000 per individual or $500,000 for a married couple. Any profit in excess of the maximum amount is taxed at the new lower capital gains tax rate (see below). And this principal residence exclusion can be used over and over again, every 2 years + 1day.

The "rollover provision", which allowed a seller to avoid capital gains by purchasing a home of equal or greater value, has been repealed in favor of this new law which does not require any repurchase!

The over-55-years of age provision has been repealed. However, the new law allows a greater exclusion, regardless of age, and every two years for an unlimited (unless the law is changed) number of principal residence sales. If you have used your over-55 exclusion, you can have it all over again and more!

LOSSES ON THE SALE OF A PERSONAL RESIDENCE.
Taxpayers still cannot deduct losses on the sale of their personal residence.

NEW CAPITAL GAINS TAX RATES.

Capital gains rates are fluctuating like regular tax rates and are based on the individual's taxable income, however, they are lower than before. Individuals in the 28% income tax bracket will pay 20% on their capital gains. Individuals in the 15% income tax bracket will pay 10% on their capital gains. And the overall capital gains rates are scheduled to be reduced even further in 2001, to 18% and 8% respectively, for assets purchased after December 31, 2000 and held 5 years or more.

HOLDING PERIODS.
Effective July 1997 the holding period for assets to qualify for capital gains treatments has been increased from 12 to 18 months.

INVESTMENT PROPERTY.
A sale of an investment property considers "gains" in two categories. Any gains due to Appreciation will be taxed at 20% as above. Gains due to Depreciation recapture will be taxed at 25% (still a 3% saving).

1031 EXCHANGE RULES.
1031 Exchange rules have not changed.

Any tax information is provided as a courtesy and without a guarantee.  See your personal tax professional for specifics to your case.

IRA MONEY FOR DOWN PAYMENTS.
Buyers, their grandparents, parents, children, or spouses may remove up to $10,000 penalty-free from existing and new "American Dream" IRA's for the down payment and closing costs for a first-time home.  But this must be done correctly.  Ask your financial advisor to guide you.